Overview

Tilia cordata is a spreading branched trees in the genus Tilia, part of the Malvaceae family, with deciduous foliage. It typically grows around Higher than 12 metres tall and wider than 8 metres wide, reaching full size in around 20-50 years. Tilia cordata grows best in full sun and partial shade, and tolerates most soils and any pH. Its UK hardiness is rated H6. It is attractive to pollinators. Suggested uses include architectural and wildlife gardens. It is native to Europe and SW Asia.

About

Tilia cordata is a deciduous tree that typically reaches heights of around 25 meters. It features a broad, columnar shape with a crown that may be rounded or spreading. The leaves are dark green, heart-shaped, and can grow up to 8 cm long, changing to a yellow hue in the fall. In midsummer, this tree produces small, fragrant flowers that are pale creamy-yellow and grow in clusters, often containing up to 10 blooms.

About the genus

Tilia consists of deciduous trees characterized by broad, ovate or heart-shaped foliage. These trees produce drooping clusters of fragrant yellow-green blossoms, which are succeeded by notable winged fruits.

Growing conditions

Best soil and position for Tilia

Sunlight
Full sun, Partial shade
Soil type
Chalk, Clay, Sand, Loam
Soil pH
Alkaline, Neutral, Acid
Soil moisture
Moist but well-drained
Aspect
South-facing, West-facing, East-facing
Exposure
Sheltered
UK hardiness
H6

Plant details

Tilia cordata size, habit and characteristics

Plant type
Trees
Habit
Spreading branched
Foliage
Deciduous
Height
Higher than 12 metres
Spread
wider than 8 metres
Time to full height
20-50 years
Suggested uses
Architectural, Wildlife gardens
Native to
Europe, SW Asia
Fragrance
Flower

Care notes

Pruning and caring for Tilia cordata

Cultivation
Suitable for parks and very large gardens. Grow in moist but well-drained soil in full sun or part shade, with shelter from cold winds. For more advice see tree cultivation
Pruning
Pruning group 1; a suitable tree for coppicing, pleaching and pollarding
Propagation
Propagate by seed, stratified in containers outdoors in spring. See propagate from seed (tree/shrub) Propagate by chip budding although care must be taken with the choice of rootstock
Pest resistance
May be susceptible to aphids, horse chestnut scale, caterpillars, sawflies and gall mites
Disease resistance
May be susceptible to sooty mould, phytophthora root rot and honey fungus

Frequently asked questions

How do I grow Tilia cordata?

Suitable for parks and very large gardens. Grow in moist but well-drained soil in full sun or part shade, with shelter from cold winds. For more advice see tree cultivation.

Where is the best place to plant Tilia cordata?

Tilia cordata prefers full sun and partial shade. It suits sheltered positions.

What soil does Tilia cordata need?

Tilia cordata is adaptable and grows happily in most soil types, including chalk, clay, sand and loam. It is happy in soil of any pH. Aim for soil that stays moist but well-drained.

How do I prune Tilia cordata?

Pruning group 1; a suitable tree for coppicing, pleaching and pollarding.

How big does Tilia cordata grow?

Tilia cordata reaches a height of Higher than 12 metres and a spread of wider than 8 metres. It takes around 20-50 years to reach full size.

Is Tilia cordata hardy in the UK?

Tilia cordata has a UK hardiness rating of H6.

How do I propagate Tilia cordata?

Propagate by seed, stratified in containers outdoors in spring. See propagate from seed (tree/shrub) Propagate by chip budding although care must be taken with the choice of rootstock.

Is Tilia cordata good for pollinators?

Yes — Tilia cordata attracts and supports pollinators such as bees and other beneficial insects.