Overview

Hesperis matronalis is a bushy annual biennial in the genus Hesperis, part of the Brassicaceae family, with deciduous foliage. It typically grows around 0.5-1 metres tall and 0.1-0.5 metres wide, reaching full size in around 1-2 years. Hesperis matronalis grows best in full sun and partial shade, and tolerates most soils and alkaline and neutral pH. Its UK hardiness is rated H7. Suggested uses include city and courtyard gardens, cottage and informal garden, flower borders and beds and cut flowers.

About

Hesperis matronalis is an herbaceous flowering plant species in the family Brassicaceae. It has numerous common names, including dame's rocket, damask-violet, dame's-violet, dames-wort, dame's gilliflower, night-scented gilliflower, queen's gilliflower, rogue's gilliflower, sweet rocket, and mother-of-the-evening. These plants are biennials or short-lived perennials, native to Eurasia and cultivated in many other areas of the world for their attractive, spring-blooming flowers. In some of those areas, it has escaped from cultivation and become a weed species. It grows to around 0.5-1 metres tall and 0.1-0.5 metres wide, carrying deciduous foliage. Grow it in full sun and partial shade and most soil types. It tolerates alkaline and neutral soils, moist but well-drained conditions and south-facing, north-facing, west-facing and east-facing aspects.

Wikipedia contributors, CC BY-SA 4.0Hesperis matronalis

About the genus

Hesperis is a genus of flowering plants in the family Brassicaceae. Most are native to Eurasia, with several endemic to Greece and Turkey. Many plants of this genus bear showy, fragrant flowers in shades of purple and white.

Wikipedia contributors, "Hesperis", CC BY-SA 4.0Hesperis

Growing conditions

Best soil and position for Hesperis

Sunlight
Full sun, Partial shade
Soil type
Chalk, Clay, Loam, Sand
Soil pH
Alkaline, Neutral
Soil moisture
Moist but well-drained
Aspect
South-facing, North-facing, West-facing, East-facing
Exposure
Exposed, Sheltered
UK hardiness
H7

Plant details

Hesperis matronalis size, habit and characteristics

Plant type
Annual Biennial, Herbaceous Perennial
Habit
Bushy
Foliage
Deciduous
Height
0.5-1 metres
Spread
0.1-0.5 metres
Time to full height
1-2 years
Suggested uses
City and courtyard gardens, Cottage and informal garden, Flower borders and beds, Cut flowers

Care notes

Pruning and caring for Hesperis matronalis

Propagation
Division in autumn or spring, Basal cuttings in spring, Root cuttings in early autumn or winter
Pest resistance
Stem eelworms
Disease resistance
Powdery mildews, Leafy gall, Leaf spot

Frequently asked questions

Where is the best place to plant Hesperis matronalis?

Hesperis matronalis prefers full sun and partial shade. It suits exposed and sheltered positions.

What soil does Hesperis matronalis need?

Hesperis matronalis is adaptable and grows happily in most soil types, including chalk, clay, loam and sand. It prefers alkaline and neutral soil. Aim for soil that stays moist but well-drained.

How big does Hesperis matronalis grow?

Hesperis matronalis reaches a height of 0.5-1 metres and a spread of 0.1-0.5 metres. It takes around 1-2 years to reach full size.

Is Hesperis matronalis hardy in the UK?

Hesperis matronalis has an RHS hardiness rating of H7, meaning it is fully hardy throughout the UK, tolerating temperatures below -20°C.

How do I propagate Hesperis matronalis?

Division in autumn or spring, Basal cuttings in spring, Root cuttings in early autumn or winter.

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