Overview

Dryopteris affinis is a tufted ferns in the genus Dryopteris, part of the Dryopteridaceae family, with semi evergreen foliage. It typically grows around 1-1.5 metres tall and 0.5-1 metres wide, reaching full size in around 5-10 years. Dryopteris affinis grows best in full shade, full sun and partial shade, and tolerates most soils and any pH. Its UK hardiness is rated H5. It is a holder of the RHS Award of Garden Merit and low maintenance. Suggested uses include wildflower meadow and cottage and informal garden. It is native to Europe and Asia.

About

This hardy semi-evergreen fern develops a rosette of upright, bipinnatifid fronds that can reach up to 1.2 meters long. The young fronds emerge in a bright yellow-green hue, transitioning to a deeper green as they mature. The stems are adorned with dense, enduring golden scales.

About the genus

Dryopteris consists of ferns that may be deciduous, semi-evergreen, or evergreen. They feature robust, upright or sprawling rhizomes and form rosettes of fronds that are either lanceolate or ovate in shape, with a pinnate division.

Growing conditions

Best soil and position for Dryopteris

Sunlight
Full shade, Full sun, Partial shade
Soil type
Chalk, Clay, Loam, Sand
Soil pH
Acid, Alkaline, Neutral
Soil moisture
Moist but well-drained
Aspect
South-facing, North-facing, West-facing, East-facing
Exposure
Exposed, Sheltered
UK hardiness
H5

Plant details

Dryopteris affinis size, habit and characteristics

Plant type
Ferns
Habit
Tufted
Foliage
Semi evergreen
Height
1-1.5 metres
Spread
0.5-1 metres
Time to full height
5-10 years
Suggested uses
Wildflower meadow, Cottage and informal garden
Native to
Europe, Asia

Care notes

Pruning and caring for Dryopteris affinis

Cultivation
Easy to grow in most cool, moist, lightly shaded sites and will grow in full sun if given plenty of moisture. Tolerant of dry shade but water regularly in their first season and mulch well. See how to grow ferns for further advice
Pruning
Dead or damaged fronds may be removed as necessary
Propagation
Propagate by sowing spores as soon as ripe or by division in spring
Pest resistance
Generally pest-free outdoors
Disease resistance
Generally disease-free outdoors

Frequently asked questions

How do I grow Dryopteris affinis?

Easy to grow in most cool, moist, lightly shaded sites and will grow in full sun if given plenty of moisture. Tolerant of dry shade but water regularly in their first season and mulch well. See how to grow ferns for further advice.

Where is the best place to plant Dryopteris affinis?

Dryopteris affinis prefers full shade, full sun and partial shade. It suits exposed and sheltered positions.

What soil does Dryopteris affinis need?

Dryopteris affinis is adaptable and grows happily in most soil types, including chalk, clay, loam and sand. It is happy in soil of any pH. Aim for soil that stays moist but well-drained.

How do I prune Dryopteris affinis?

Dead or damaged fronds may be removed as necessary.

How big does Dryopteris affinis grow?

Dryopteris affinis reaches a height of 1-1.5 metres and a spread of 0.5-1 metres. It takes around 5-10 years to reach full size.

Is Dryopteris affinis hardy in the UK?

Dryopteris affinis has a UK hardiness rating of H5.

How do I propagate Dryopteris affinis?

Propagate by sowing spores as soon as ripe or by division in spring.