Overview

Digitalis purpurea is a bushy annual biennial in the genus Digitalis, part of the Plantaginaceae family, with deciduous foliage. It typically grows around 1.5-2.5 metres tall and 0.1-0.5 metres wide, reaching full size in around 1-2 years. Digitalis purpurea grows best in full sun and partial shade, and tolerates most soils and any pH. Its UK hardiness is rated H7. It is attractive to pollinators. Suggested uses include coastal, wildflower meadow, city and courtyard gardens, cottage and informal garden and wildlife gardens. It is native to W Europe.

About

Digitalis purpurea is a biennial or short-lived perennial that typically reaches heights of 1 to 2 meters. It readily self-seeds, producing a dense rosette of softly hairy, oval-shaped leaves. In the summer, it produces tall, one-sided flower spikes adorned with tubular, pendulous flowers that measure approximately 6 cm in length and feature distinctive spots on the interior.

About the genus

Digitalis species can be biennial or typically short-lived perennial plants that develop a rosette of simple leaves. They are characterized by their bell-shaped flowers, which grow in slender, upright, often one-sided racemes.

Growing conditions

Best soil and position for Digitalis

Sunlight
Full sun, Partial shade
Soil type
Chalk, Clay, Loam, Sand
Soil pH
Acid, Alkaline, Neutral
Soil moisture
Moist but well-drained, Well-drained
Aspect
South-facing, East-facing, West-facing
Exposure
Exposed, Sheltered
UK hardiness
H7

Plant details

Digitalis purpurea size, habit and characteristics

Plant type
Annual Biennial
Habit
Bushy
Foliage
Deciduous
Height
1.5-2.5 metres
Spread
0.1-0.5 metres
Time to full height
1-2 years
Suggested uses
Coastal, Wildflower meadow, City and courtyard gardens, Cottage and informal garden, Wildlife gardens
Native to
W Europe
Toxicity
TOXIC if eaten. Wear gloves and other protective equipment when handling TOXIC to pets - see the HTA guide to potentially harmful plants for further information and useful contact numbers

Care notes

Pruning and caring for Digitalis purpurea

Cultivation
Grow in almost any soil,but avoid very wet or very dry situations. Prefers a humus-rich soil in partial shade but will grow in full sun. See foxglove cultivation for further advice
Pruning
Cut back after flowering
Propagation
Propagate by seed sown in-situ in late spring. Alternatively sow in seed trays in late spring and plant out to final position in late summer; deadhead flowers regularly if seed is not required
Pest resistance
May be susceptible to aphids and leaf and bud eelworm
Disease resistance
May be susceptible to powdery mildews, downy mildews and leaf spot

Frequently asked questions

How do I grow Digitalis purpurea?

Grow in almost any soil,but avoid very wet or very dry situations. Prefers a humus-rich soil in partial shade but will grow in full sun. See foxglove cultivation for further advice.

Where is the best place to plant Digitalis purpurea?

Digitalis purpurea prefers full sun and partial shade. It suits exposed and sheltered positions.

What soil does Digitalis purpurea need?

Digitalis purpurea is adaptable and grows happily in most soil types, including chalk, clay, loam and sand. It is happy in soil of any pH. Aim for soil that stays moist but well-drained to well-drained.

How do I prune Digitalis purpurea?

Cut back after flowering.

How big does Digitalis purpurea grow?

Digitalis purpurea reaches a height of 1.5-2.5 metres and a spread of 0.1-0.5 metres. It takes around 1-2 years to reach full size.

Is Digitalis purpurea hardy in the UK?

Digitalis purpurea has a UK hardiness rating of H7.

How do I propagate Digitalis purpurea?

Propagate by seed sown in-situ in late spring. Alternatively sow in seed trays in late spring and plant out to final position in late summer; deadhead flowers regularly if seed is not required.

Is Digitalis purpurea good for pollinators?

Yes — Digitalis purpurea attracts and supports pollinators such as bees and other beneficial insects.

Is Digitalis purpurea toxic?

TOXIC if eaten. Wear gloves and other protective equipment when handling TOXIC to pets - see the HTA guide to potentially harmful plants for further information and useful contact numbers.