About
Crataegus monogyna, the common hawthorn, is one of the most important native trees of Britain and Europe � a rounded, deciduous tree to around 10 m with thorny branches, glossy, deeply lobed, rich-green leaves colouring gold in autumn and, in late spring, flat sprays of intensely fragrant, creamy-white flowers with pink anthers, followed by abundant, dark-red haws. An essential wildlife tree and traditional hedging plant.
About the genus
Crataegus, the hawthorns, are deciduous trees and shrubs with spiny branches, lobed or toothed leaves and clusters of creamy-white or pink flowers followed by red, orange, yellow or black fruits. Among the most valuable trees for wildlife, they also offer fine spring blossom and autumn colour.
Growing conditions
SunlightFull sun, Partial shade
Soil typeChalk, Clay, Loam, Sand
Soil pHAcid, Alkaline, Neutral
Soil moistureMoist but well-drained, Well-drained
AspectNorth-facing, East-facing, South-facing, West-facing
ExposureExposed, Sheltered
UK hardinessH7
Plant details
Plant typeTrees
HabitBushy, Spreading branched
FoliageDeciduous
Height4-8 metres
Spread4-8 metres
Time to full height10-20 years
Suggested usesCoastal, Cottage and informal garden, Wildflower meadow, Wildlife gardens
Native toEurope N Africa SW Asia
FragranceFlower
ToxicitySeeds contain toxins so these should be removed if you are considering eating the fruit, usually grown as an ornamental shrub Pets: Fruit are ornamental - not to be eaten - see the HTA guide to potentially harmful plants for further information and useful contact numbers
Care notes
CultivationGrow in any (not waterlogged) soil in full sun or part shade. Useful specimen trees for town, coastal or exposed gardens. Used extensively for wildlife hedging. See hawthorn cultivation for further advice
PruningPruning group 1; or trim hedges after flowering or in autumn
PropagationPropagate by seed, or grafting in winter
Pest resistanceMay be susceptible to caterpillars, aphids and gall mites
Disease resistanceMay be susceptible to fireblight, honey fungus, crown gall, silver leaf, powdery mildews and leaf spots