Overview

Carpinus betulus is a bushy trees in the genus Carpinus, part of the Betulaceae family, with deciduous foliage. It typically grows around Higher than 12 metres tall and wider than 8 metres wide, reaching full size in around more than 50 years. Carpinus betulus grows best in full sun and partial shade, and tolerates most soils and any pH. Its UK hardiness is rated H7. Suggested uses include architectural, cottage and informal garden and wildlife gardens. It is native to Europe to Iran.

About

Carpinus betulus is a substantial deciduous tree with a distinctive fluted gray trunk. Its leaves measure between 5 and 8 cm in length, are ovate in shape, and display prominent ribbing, changing to a yellow hue in the fall. In spring, the tree produces catkins, which are succeeded by elongated, hop-like fruiting catkins that can reach up to 8 cm. This species is well-suited for woodland environments.

About the genus

Carpinus comprises deciduous shrubs and trees known for their appealing leaves and clusters of hop-like fruits that appear in late summer and autumn.

Growing conditions

Best soil and position for Carpinus

Sunlight
Full sun, Partial shade
Soil type
Chalk, Clay, Loam, Sand
Soil pH
Acid, Alkaline, Neutral
Soil moisture
Moist but well-drained, Well-drained
Aspect
East-facing, South-facing, North-facing, West-facing
Exposure
Exposed, Sheltered
UK hardiness
H7

Plant details

Carpinus betulus size, habit and characteristics

Plant type
Trees
Habit
Bushy
Foliage
Deciduous
Height
Higher than 12 metres
Spread
wider than 8 metres
Time to full height
More than 50 years
Suggested uses
Architectural, Cottage and informal garden, Wildlife gardens
Native to
Europe to Iran

Care notes

Pruning and caring for Carpinus betulus

Cultivation
Grow in fertile, well-drained soil in full sun or partial shade
Pruning
Pruning group 1
Propagation
Propagate by seed, softwood cuttings or by grafting
Pest resistance
May be susceptible to caterpillars and aphids
Disease resistance
May be susceptible to powdery mildews, coral spot and sometimes honey fungus

Frequently asked questions

How do I grow Carpinus betulus?

Grow in fertile, well-drained soil in full sun or partial shade.

Where is the best place to plant Carpinus betulus?

Carpinus betulus prefers full sun and partial shade. It suits exposed and sheltered positions.

What soil does Carpinus betulus need?

Carpinus betulus is adaptable and grows happily in most soil types, including chalk, clay, loam and sand. It is happy in soil of any pH. Aim for soil that stays moist but well-drained to well-drained.

How do I prune Carpinus betulus?

Pruning group 1.

How big does Carpinus betulus grow?

Carpinus betulus reaches a height of Higher than 12 metres and a spread of wider than 8 metres. It takes around more than 50 years to reach full size.

Is Carpinus betulus hardy in the UK?

Carpinus betulus has a UK hardiness rating of H7.

How do I propagate Carpinus betulus?

Propagate by seed, softwood cuttings or by grafting.