About

Betula pubescens is a slender, deciduous tree that typically reaches heights of around 20 meters. Its distinctive white bark peels away while maintaining a white appearance at the base. The tree features upward-reaching branches and smooth, soft shoots that support mid-green leaves, which are rounded to diamond-shaped. In autumn, the foliage turns yellow, and in early spring, the tree produces yellow-brown catkins.

About the genus

Betula comprises both deciduous trees and shrubs, known for their vibrant autumn foliage and distinctive bark that can be white, pink, or brown and peeling. In spring, male and female catkins emerge separately, preceding or coinciding with leaf growth.

Growing conditions

Sunlight
Full sun, Partial shade
Soil type
Chalk, Clay, Loam, Sand
Soil pH
Acid, Alkaline, Neutral
Soil moisture
Moist but well-drained, Well-drained
Aspect
East-facing, South-facing, North-facing, West-facing
Exposure
Exposed, Sheltered
UK hardiness
H7

Plant details

Plant type
Trees
Habit
Columnar upright
Foliage
Deciduous
Height
Higher than 12 metres
Spread
4-8 metres
Time to full height
20-50 years
Suggested uses
Architectural, Cottage and informal garden, Wildflower meadow, Wildlife gardens
Native to
Europe to C Asia

Care notes

Cultivation
Grow in full sun or light, dappled shade in moist but well-drained soil, tolerant of poor or wet, acid soils
Pruning
Pruning group 1
Propagation
Propagate by seed, softwood cuttings or grafting
Pest resistance
May be susceptible to birch borers, leaf-mining sawflies and aphids
Disease resistance
May be susceptible to honey fungus, a tree rust and powdery mildews