About

Betula lenta is a conical-shaped tree that grows up to 15 meters in height. Its bark starts as a dark red and transitions to a dark grey as it matures. The tree features aromatic shoots that bear yellow-green leaves, each reaching lengths of up to 10 centimeters, which turn yellow in the fall. In early spring, it produces yellow-brown male catkins that can grow up to 8 centimeters long.

About the genus

Betula comprises both deciduous trees and shrubs, known for their vibrant autumn foliage and distinctive bark that can be white, pink, or brown and peeling. In spring, male and female catkins emerge separately, preceding or coinciding with leaf growth.

Growing conditions

Sunlight
Full sun, Partial shade
Soil type
Chalk, Clay, Loam, Sand
Soil pH
Acid, Alkaline, Neutral
Soil moisture
Moist but well-drained, Well-drained
Aspect
West-facing, South-facing, East-facing
Exposure
Exposed, Sheltered
UK hardiness
H7

Plant details

Plant type
Trees
Habit
Bushy
Foliage
Deciduous
Height
Higher than 12 metres
Spread
wider than 8 metres
Time to full height
20-50 years
Suggested uses
Coastal, Cottage and informal garden, Wildlife gardens
Native to
E N America
Fragrance
Bark

Care notes

Cultivation
Grow in moderately fertile, moist but well-drained soil in full sun or partial shade. Tolerant of a range of soil conditions from dry to wet but does prefer sheltered woodland conditions. See tree cultivation for further advice
Pruning
Pruning group 1; birches bleed heavily, prune only when fully dormant from late summer to before mid-winter
Propagation
Propagate by seed, softwood cuttings or grafting
Pest resistance
May be susceptible to birch borers, leaf-mining sawflies and aphids
Disease resistance
May be susceptible to honey fungus, a tree rust and powdery mildews