About
Angelica archangelica, angelica, is a tall, striking biennial or short-lived perennial to around 2 m, often grown as a biennial. Two- to three-pinnate, lime-green leaves to 60 cm long give it a bold, architectural presence, and large, rounded umbels to 25 cm across of greenish to pale yellow flowers are produced in early and midsummer. The hollow stems are traditionally candied and used in confectionery; the seeds and roots are used in liqueurs.
About the genus
Angelica are large biennials or herbaceous perennials, some monocarpic, with pinnately or palmately divided leaves and large umbels of small white or purple flowers. Bold and architectural, they are valued in borders and herb gardens for their dramatic height, fine foliage and edible or medicinal uses.
Growing conditions
SunlightPartial shade
Soil typeClay, Loam
Soil pHAcid, Alkaline, Neutral
Soil moistureMoist but well-drained
AspectNorth-facing, West-facing, East-facing
ExposureExposed, Sheltered
UK hardinessH6
Plant details
Plant typeHerbaceous Perennial, Annual Biennial
HabitBushy, Clump forming
FoliageDeciduous
Height1.5-2.5 metres
Spread1-1.5 metres
Time to full height2-5 years
Suggested usesArchitectural, Wildflower meadow, Cottage and informal garden, Wildlife gardens
Native toEurope, Asia, N Hemisphere
FragranceFoliage
Care notes
CultivationGrow in deep fertile soil, avoiding hot, dry positions. Staking may be needed in exposed sites. It is more likely to be perennial if prevented from setting seed. Can be very variable in size.
PruningCut back after flowering
PropagationPropagate by seed sown in a cold frame with good light, as soon as ripe. Move seedlings when young as older plants resent disturbance
Pest resistanceSusceptible when young to damage from slugs, snails, aphids and leaf miners
Disease resistanceSusceptible to powdery mildews