About

Abies firma is a tall evergreen conifer, typically reaching heights of 40 to 50 meters. Its rigid, resilient needles exhibit a light green hue on the upper surface and a whitish green shade underneath. In younger specimens, the needles have a forked appearance with sharp tips, while older foliage tends to be notched or blunt. The species produces cylindrical cones that are yellowish green with yellow bracts, which mature to a yellowish brown color. These cones, measuring 10 to 15 centimeters in height and 3 to 5 centimeters in width, develop in late spring.

About the genus

Abies are evergreen coniferous trees that can reach significant heights. They feature whorled branches that support narrow, flattened leaves, typically having a whitish underside. The upper branches produce substantial cones that disintegrate while still attached to the tree.

Growing conditions

Sunlight
Full sun
Soil type
Chalk, Clay, Loam, Sand
Soil pH
Acid, Alkaline, Neutral
Soil moisture
Moist but well-drained
Aspect
East-facing, North-facing, South-facing, West-facing
Exposure
Exposed, Sheltered
UK hardiness
H6

Plant details

Plant type
Conifers, Trees
Habit
Columnar upright
Foliage
Evergreen
Height
Higher than 12 metres
Spread
4-8 metres
Time to full height
20-50 years
Suggested uses
Architectural
Native to
Japan

Care notes

Cultivation
Grow in deep, neutral to slightly acidic, moist but well-drained soil, in full sun, with some shelter from cold winds. Young shoots may be damaged spring frosts. See conifer cultivation
Pruning
No pruning required
Propagation
Propagate by grafting in winter
Pest resistance
May be susceptible to adelgids and aphids
Disease resistance
Generally disease-free, but may be susceptible to honey fungus